張文題目：天威集團特種變壓器電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣有限公司干(gan)(gan)(gan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)劉金(jin)城德(de)山絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)降(jiang)低(di)(di)(di)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)因(yin)(yin)(yin)分析(xi)(xi)1。故障概(gai)述工廠(chang)對(dui)(dui)SFZ 9-50000/110主(zhu)(zhu)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)所有測試(shi)均合(he)(he)格。運到現(xian)場安(an)(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)后(hou)，在(zai)出廠(chang)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)溫(wen)度(du)下(xia)，交接(jie)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)時(shi)測得的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)值降(jiang)低(di)(di)(di)30%以上(shang)。不(bu)符合(he)(he)DL/T572-95中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)干(gan)(gan)(gan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)、檢修、試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)和驗(yan)(yan)收要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)。為(wei)了(le)慎重起見，我(wo)決(jue)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)暫(zan)緩交接(jie)，并查明(ming)(ming)(ming)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)因(yin)(yin)(yin)。2.故障原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)因(yin)(yin)(yin)分析(xi)(xi)及處理(li)經過(guo)(guo)初步分析(xi)(xi)，認為(wei)干(gan)(gan)(gan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)在(zai)安(an)(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)過(guo)(guo)程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)可(ke)能(neng)會因(yin)(yin)(yin)受(shou)潮(chao)而導(dao)(dao)致(zhi)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)下(xia)降(jiang)。決(jue)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)循(xun)環(huan)熱(re)油(you)(you)(you)，對(dui)(dui)干(gan)(gan)(gan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)抽真(zhen)空(kong)。較好次(ci)熱(re)油(you)(you)(you)循(xun)環(huan)、真(zhen)空(kong)處理(li)、靜(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)釋放后(hou)，絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)沒(mei)有增(zeng)加(jia)。根據(ju)分析(xi)(xi)，由(you)于夜間溫(wen)度(du)低(di)(di)(di)，白天溫(wen)度(du)高(gao)(gao)，可(ke)能(neng)會發(fa)生冷(leng)凝，因(yin)(yin)(yin)此(ci)決(jue)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)再次(ci)循(xun)環(huan)熱(re)油(you)(you)(you)。第二次(ci)熱(re)油(you)(you)(you)循(xun)環(huan)、抽真(zhen)空(kong)、靜(jing)(jing)置后(hou)，絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)沒(mei)有明(ming)(ming)(ming)顯(xian)增(zeng)加(jia)。但對(dui)(dui)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)次(ci)熱(re)油(you)(you)(you)循(xun)環(huan)所取油(you)(you)(you)樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分析(xi)(xi)表(biao)明(ming)(ming)(ming)，油(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)介電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)損(sun)耗(hao)高(gao)(gao)達(da)2.1，達(da)到了(le)污(wu)(wu)油(you)(you)(you)標(biao)準。根據(ju)上(shang)述處理(li)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)結(jie)(jie)果，經過(guo)(guo)重新分析(xi)(xi)，認為(wei)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)低(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)因(yin)(yin)(yin)是(shi)(shi)(shi)由(you)于油(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)介質(zhi)損(sun)耗(hao)高(gao)(gao)，導(dao)(dao)致(zhi)油(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)性能(neng)降(jiang)低(di)(di)(di)，從而導(dao)(dao)致(zhi)主(zhu)(zhu)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)降(jiang)低(di)(di)(di)。干(gan)(gan)(gan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)油(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)介質(zhi)損(sun)耗(hao)由(you)離(li)子(zi)(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)導(dao)(dao)率(lv)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)泳(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)導(dao)(dao)率(lv)決(jue)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)。幾(ji)種(zhong)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)油(you)(you)(you)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)混入灰(hui)塵和雜(za)質(zhi)會產(chan)生膠(jiao)體雜(za)質(zhi)和雜(za)質(zhi)離(li)子(zi)(zi)。當(dang)(dang)外加(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場強(qiang)度(du)遠小于其擊穿場強(qiang)時(shi)，油(you)(you)(you)介質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)離(li)子(zi)(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)導(dao)(dao)率(lv)是(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)個(ge)與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場強(qiang)度(du)無關的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)常數，其電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)導(dao)(dao)率(lv)規律服從歐姆定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)律。而帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)膠(jiao)體粒(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)溶(rong)解在(zai)油(you)(you)(you)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，具有足(zu)夠(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自由(you)能(neng)，容易與水結(jie)(jie)合(he)(he)形成乳液。都(dou)有一(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)收費。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)泳(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)導(dao)(dao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)膠(jiao)體粒(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場作(zuo)用下(xia)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)向(xiang)遷移形成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。因(yin)(yin)(yin)此(ci)，膠(jiao)體顆粒(li)(li)是(shi)(shi)(shi)干(gan)(gan)(gan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)油(you)(you)(you)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)除(chu)雜(za)質(zhi)離(li)子(zi)(zi)之外的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)另(ling)一(yi)種(zhong)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)載體，兩(liang)(liang)(liang)者的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)導(dao)(dao)率(lv)都(dou)與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷成正比。當(dang)(dang)溫(wen)度(du)恒定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)，油(you)(you)(you)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)種(zhong)載體共存時(shi)，當(dang)(dang)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)種(zhong)載體帶相(xiang)(xiang)同極(ji)性的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷時(shi)，在(zai)DC電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用下(xia)，油(you)(you)(you)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)混合(he)(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)子(zi)(zi)和帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)膠(jiao)體粒(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)會相(xiang)(xiang)應增(zeng)加(jia)干(gan)(gan)(gan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)油(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)導(dao)(dao)，這是(shi)(shi)(shi)干(gan)(gan)(gan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)油(you)(you)(you)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)降(jiang)低(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)因(yin)(yin)(yin)。較后(hou)得出干(gan)(gan)(gan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)降(jiang)低(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)因(yin)(yin)(yin)是(shi)(shi)(shi)安(an)(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)過(guo)(guo)程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)干(gan)(gan)(gan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)油(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)污(wu)(wu)染，其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)膠(jiao)體顆粒(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)泳(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)導(dao)(dao)或雜(za)質(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)導(dao)(dao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)因(yin)(yin)(yin)，油(you)(you)(you)介電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)損(sun)耗(hao)高(gao)(gao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)種(zhong)現(xian)象。3.處理(li)方法及幾(ji)點(dian)(dian)建議(yi)本(ben)著安(an)(an)(an)(an)全較好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)則(ze)，決(jue)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)對(dui)(dui)主(zhu)(zhu)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)整體換油(you)(you)(you)，并采取防塵和防污(wu)(wu)染措施(shi)，防止環(huan)境(jing)和人為(wei)因(yin)(yin)(yin)素對(dui)(dui)干(gan)(gan)(gan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)油(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)污(wu)(wu)染。換油(you)(you)(you)后(hou)，現(xian)場測試(shi)結(jie)(jie)果與出廠(chang)測試(shi)結(jie)(jie)果基(ji)本(ben)一(yi)致(zhi)，解決(jue)了(le)這個(ge)問題。通過(guo)(guo)這種(zhong)處理(li)，我(wo)們(men)有以下(xia)幾(ji)點(dian)(dian)建議(yi)：(1)雜(za)質(zhi)顆粒(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)膠(jiao)體顆粒(li)(li)是(shi)(shi)(shi)干(gan)(gan)(gan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)油(you)(you)(you)介損(sun)增(zeng)大(da)、絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)降(jiang)低(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)因(yin)(yin)(yin)，因(yin)(yin)(yin)此(ci)在(zai)交接(jie)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)時(shi)應對(dui)(dui)干(gan)(gan)(gan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)油(you)(you)(you)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)包括油(you)(you)(you)介損(sun)在(zai)內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)綜合(he)(he)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)。特(te)別是(shi)(shi)(shi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)嚴(yan)格控(kong)制油(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)添加(jia)。(2)嚴(yan)格避免安(an)(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)過(guo)(guo)程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)粉塵和雜(za)質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)污(wu)(wu)染，提高(gao)(gao)安(an)(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)人員的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)責任心和自覺性，強(qiang)化(hua)現(xian)場工藝管理(li)意識，確保安(an)(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)設備的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)穩定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)運行(xing)(xing)。 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