摘要：利(li)用二次(ci)(ci)諧(xie)波(bo)(bo)制(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)原理防(fang)止勵(li)磁涌流引(yin)起的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)差動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)保(bao)護(hu)誤動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)是目前(qian)應用較廣泛(fan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)法。通過(guo)建立合(he)(he)理的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)干(gan)(gan)(gan)式(shi)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)模型，對(dui)現有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各種(zhong)二次(ci)(ci)諧(xie)波(bo)(bo)制(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)判據(ju)(ju)在不(bu)同運行(xing)條件(jian)下進行(xing)了仿真比(bi)(bi)(bi)較，得出了一些有(you)益的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結論。關鍵詞：二次(ci)(ci)諧(xie)波(bo)(bo)制(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)；勵(li)磁涌流；差動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)保(bao)護(hu)1簡介干(gan)(gan)(gan)式(shi)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)在電(dian)力系(xi)統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安全運行(xing)中(zhong)起著重(zhong)要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用。差動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)保(bao)護(hu)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)主保(bao)護(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關鍵問題在于(yu)(yu)勵(li)磁涌流引(yin)起的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)保(bao)護(hu)誤動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。長期以來，二次(ci)(ci)諧(xie)波(bo)(bo)原理被用來制(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)涌流。常(chang)規勵(li)磁涌流方(fang)(fang)式(shi)會導致故(gu)(gu)(gu)障干(gan)(gan)(gan)式(shi)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)跌(die)落時(shi)非(fei)故(gu)(gu)(gu)障相(xiang)(xiang)閉鎖(suo)故(gu)(gu)(gu)障相(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現象，導致干(gan)(gan)(gan)式(shi)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)保(bao)護(hu)延時(shi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)障不(bu)能(neng)迅速排除，會降低(di)超高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)系(xi)統中(zhong)干(gan)(gan)(gan)式(shi)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)保(bao)護(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)性能(neng)。但(dan)在干(gan)(gan)(gan)式(shi)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)保(bao)護(hu)微機化后，通過(guo)合(he)(he)理選(xuan)擇(ze)諧(xie)波(bo)(bo)制(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)、制(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)邏輯或補充(chong)輔(fu)助判據(ju)(ju)，可(ke)以大(da)大(da)改善這一缺陷。二次(ci)(ci)諧(xie)波(bo)(bo)制(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)幾種(zhong)計(ji)算方(fang)(fang)法目前(qian)常(chang)用的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)二次(ci)(ci)諧(xie)波(bo)(bo)制(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)計(ji)算方(fang)(fang)法如下[1]: (1)諧(xie)波(bo)(bo)比(bi)(bi)(bi)較大(da)相(xiang)(xiang)位制(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)記為(wei)(wei)判據(ju)(ju)1。也(ye)就是說(shuo)，三相(xiang)(xiang)中(zhong)二次(ci)(ci)諧(xie)波(bo)(bo)與基波(bo)(bo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)較大(da)比(bi)(bi)(bi)值用于(yu)(yu)制(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。(2)根據(ju)(ju)故(gu)(gu)(gu)障相(xiang)(xiang)位制(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，類(lei)型(2)被記錄為(wei)(wei)標準2。也(ye)就是說(shuo)，差動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)電(dian)流的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基波(bo)(bo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)較大(da)相(xiang)(xiang)位的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)二次(ci)(ci)諧(xie)波(bo)(bo)與基波(bo)(bo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)比(bi)(bi)(bi)值被用于(yu)(yu)制(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。(3)分相(xiang)(xiang)制(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，以公式(shi)(3)為(wei)(wei)判據(ju)(ju)3。即，當每個(ge)相(xiang)(xiang)位差流中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)二次(ci)(ci)諧(xie)波(bo)(bo)與基波(bo)(bo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)比(bi)(bi)(bi)率(lv)超過(guo)固定值時(shi)，執行(xing)制(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。(4)綜合(he)(he)相(xiang)(xiang)位制(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)

類型(4)被記(ji)錄為標準4。也就是說(shuo)，三(san)相(xiang)流的二次(ci)諧波的較大值與基波的較大值的比值被用于制動(dong)。為了更清(qing)楚地說(shuo)明問(wen)題，本(ben)文(wen)在引入權重系數的基礎(chu)上，從數學角度進行了比較。首(shou)先，設三(san)相(xiang)流的二次(ci)諧波與基波之比分(fen)別為ka，kb，kc，即：

通過(guo)觀察三相(xiang)的(de)權系數可以(yi)發現(xian)，三相(xiang)的(de)分母相(xiang)同，所以(yi)權系數的(de)大小本質上(shang)反(fan)映了(le)三相(xiang)流基波的(de)大小。具有(you)較大諧波比的(de)相(xiang)位制動模(mo)式和分相(xiang)制動模(mo)式的(de)諧波比的(de)計算基本如下：

對(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)諧(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)波比(bi)(bi)(bi)較(jiao)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)制(zhi)動(dong)(dong)方(fang)式，由(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)三相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)權(quan)重(zhong)系數(shu)均取為1，實際上(shang)沒有考慮(lv)(lv)各相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)電流差(cha)(cha)幅值對(dui)(dui)諧(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)波比(bi)(bi)(bi)選(xuan)擇(ze)的(de)影(ying)響(xiang)。雖(sui)然這種閉(bi)鎖(suo)保(bao)護(hu)方(fang)式可以(yi)保(bao)證勵磁(ci)涌(yong)流時的(de)保(bao)護(hu)不(bu)誤動(dong)(dong)作(zuo)，但(dan)對(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)超高壓(ya)系統的(de)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)型干式變壓(ya)器(qi)，由(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)勵磁(ci)涌(yong)流衰減時間長，保(bao)護(hu)動(dong)(dong)作(zuo)延時相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)當長，可達200 ms以(yi)上(shang)；而(er)動(dong)(dong)模實驗較(jiao)差(cha)(cha)的(de)情(qing)況(kuang)甚(shen)至達到200。另(ling)一方(fang)面，在超高壓(ya)系統中(zhong)，當故障發生時，諧(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)波含量較(jiao)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)。由(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)較(jiao)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)位(wei)制(zhi)動(dong)(dong)，在不(bu)考慮(lv)(lv)各相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)基波幅值的(de)情(qing)況(kuang)下，容(rong)易達到閉(bi)鎖(suo)定值，造(zao)成保(bao)護(hu)動(dong)(dong)作(zuo)的(de)延時。對(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)分相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)制(zhi)動(dong)(dong)方(fang)式，與(yu)較(jiao)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)位(wei)制(zhi)動(dong)(dong)方(fang)式相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)同，不(bu)考慮(lv)(lv)各相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)電流差(cha)(cha)幅值對(dui)(dui)諧(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)波比(bi)(bi)(bi)選(xuan)擇(ze)的(de)影(ying)響(xiang)。雖(sui)然能使保(bao)護(hu)快速動(dong)(dong)作(zuo)，但(dan)當相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)位(wei)差(cha)(cha)電流的(de)一相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)或多相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)諧(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)波比(bi)(bi)(bi)過(guo)小而(er)無(wu)法閉(bi)鎖(suo)保(bao)護(hu)時，容(rong)易造(zao)成誤動(dong)(dong)。根據相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)制(zhi)動(dong)(dong)方(fang)式，諧(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)波比(bi)(bi)(bi)的(de)選(xuan)擇(ze)實質(zhi)上(shang)是制(zhi)動(dong)(dong)用(yong)權(quan)重(zhong)系數(shu)較(jiao)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)的(de)諧(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)波比(bi)(bi)(bi)，即先比(bi)(bi)(bi)較(jiao)a、b、c，取三者較(jiao)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)值所在相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)的(de)諧(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)波比(bi)(bi)(bi)來判斷。這種閉(bi)鎖(suo)保(bao)護(hu)由(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)考慮(lv)(lv)了(le)三相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)流幅值對(dui)(dui)諧(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)波比(bi)(bi)(bi)的(de)影(ying)響(xiang)，克服了(le)m

該閉(bi)鎖保(bao)護(hu)(hu)考(kao)(kao)慮(lv)了(le)(le)基于諧波比(bi)(bi)(通過(guo)權重系(xi)數(shu)a、b、c)選(xuan)擇的(de)(de)差動電流(liu)幅值(zhi)和(he)實際三相(xiang)(xiang)諧波比(bi)(bi)含(han)量的(de)(de)數(shu)值(zhi)的(de)(de)影(ying)響，在(zai)(zai)保(bao)證干(gan)(gan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)產生的(de)(de)勵磁(ci)涌流(liu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)誤動的(de)(de)前(qian)提(ti)(ti)下(xia)(xia)，提(ti)(ti)高了(le)(le)干(gan)(gan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)速(su)動性。即(ji)使(shi)故(gu)(gu)障干(gan)(gan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)合(he)閘，雖然勵磁(ci)涌流(liu)相(xiang)(xiang)位含(han)有較(jiao)(jiao)大的(de)(de)二次(ci)諧波，且可(ke)能衰減較(jiao)(jiao)慢，但由于故(gu)(gu)障相(xiang)(xiang)位的(de)(de)存在(zai)(zai)，諧波比(bi)(bi)計算的(de)(de)分(fen)母保(bao)持(chi)較(jiao)(jiao)大的(de)(de)值(zhi)，基本不(bu)(bu)(bu)隨勵磁(ci)涌流(liu)的(de)(de)衰減而減小，使(shi)諧波比(bi)(bi)迅(xun)速(su)下(xia)(xia)降到閉(bi)鎖定(ding)值(zhi)以(yi)下(xia)(xia)，故(gu)(gu)障可(ke)快速(su)切(qie)除。建模與仿(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)本文采用ATP仿(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)軟件對干(gan)(gan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)進行分(fen)析研(yan)究(jiu)，接線圖(tu)如圖(tu)1所示。干(gan)(gan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)鐵心(xin)的(de)(de)磁(ci)滯效(xiao)應是一個非常復雜的(de)(de)過(guo)程，其變(bian)化規律主要基于干(gan)(gan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)局部磁(ci)環(huan)特性。結(jie)合(he)ATP仿(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)程序(xu)提(ti)(ti)供的(de)(de)功能，在(zai)(zai)磁(ci)滯效(xiao)應的(de)(de)處理中考(kao)(kao)慮(lv)了(le)(le)干(gan)(gan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)鐵心(xin)的(de)(de)主磁(ci)環(huan)特性。干(gan)(gan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)飽和(he)和(he)磁(ci)滯效(xiao)應是通過(guo)在(zai)(zai)線性干(gan)(gan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)模型(xing)[2]的(de)(de)相(xiang)(xiang)應節點上增加非線性電感來實現的(de)(de)。參(can)考(kao)(kao)文獻[3]和(he)[4]提(ti)(ti)供了(le)(le)一個適合(he)分(fen)析研(yan)究(jiu)超高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(500 kV)或超高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(750 kV)干(gan)(gan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)性能的(de)(de)模型(xing)，可(ke)以(yi)模擬(ni)不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)位置不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)類(lei)型(xing)的(de)(de)匝間短路故(gu)(gu)障。因此，本文以(yi)該干(gan)(gan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)模型(xing)為研(yan)究(jiu)對象(xiang)，對干(gan)(gan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)內(nei)部故(gu)(gu)障進行分(fen)析和(he)仿(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)。該模型(xing)可(ke)以(yi)逼真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)地模擬(ni)干(gan)(gan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)勵磁(ci)涌流(liu)。在(zai)(zai)用96型(xing)元件模擬(ni)磁(ci)滯回(hui)線的(de)(de)情況(kuang)下(xia)(xia)，模擬(ni)結(jie)果與動態模擬(ni)實驗結(jie)果非常接近。

具體型(xing)號為(wei)：Y0/-11接線(xian)(高壓(ya)(ya)側Y0接線(xian)，低(di)壓(ya)(ya)側接線(xian))；鐵(tie)芯采用Type-96元件，即帶(dai)磁(ci)滯回線(xian)的(de)(de)非線(xian)性電(dian)(dian)感(gan)模(mo)型(xing)；飽(bao)和(he)磁(ci)密度(du)bs=1.15 BM。每(mei)相(xiang)的(de)(de)剩磁(ci)為(wei)Bra=0.9 BM，BRB=BRC=-0.9 BM；波形采樣每(mei)周48點(dian)。目前國內(nei)大型(xing)干(gan)(gan)式變壓(ya)(ya)器差動保護(hu)制動率整定值的(de)(de)15% ~ 20%是按飽(bao)和(he)磁(ci)通(tong)1.4倍(bei)額定磁(ci)通(tong)幅(fu)值時的(de)(de)合閘涌(yong)流考慮的(de)(de)。但由于干(gan)(gan)式變壓(ya)(ya)器制造技術和(he)制造材料的(de)(de)提(ti)高，現(xian)代干(gan)(gan)式變壓(ya)(ya)器的(de)(de)飽(bao)和(he)磁(ci)通(tong)倍(bei)數(shu)往(wang)往(wang)在1.2至(zhi)(zhi)1.3，甚至(zhi)(zhi)低(di)至(zhi)(zhi)1.15，所以仿真中采用BS=1.15 BM。合閘側電(dian)(dian)源無(wu)窮大，電(dian)(dian)源內(nei)阻抗為(wei)0.01 J0。

這(zhe)(zhe)里主要(yao)分(fen)析計(ji)算干(gan)式變壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)△側(ce)、Y側(ce)不帶(dai)(dai)(dai)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)空(kong)投(tou)；△側(ce)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)空(kong)投(tou)以(yi)(yi)(yi)及帶(dai)(dai)(dai)長線時內部各(ge)種故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)情況（帶(dai)(dai)(dai)長線的系統仿(fang)真模型接線圖如圖2），用以(yi)(yi)(yi)比(bi)較以(yi)(yi)(yi)上幾(ji)種判據速動(dong)性和可(ke)靠性。諧波(bo)的計(ji)算采用傅式算法，以(yi)(yi)(yi)合(he)(he)閘后第一(yi)個周波(bo)終(zhong)點(dian)為(wei)時間起點(dian)，并逐點(dian)遞(di)推，以(yi)(yi)(yi)便觀(guan)察諧波(bo)比(bi)隨時間的變化關系。以(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)各(ge)圖中(zhong)Ia，Ib，Ic代表各(ge)相(xiang)差流；K1max、K2max、K3max、K4max代表四種不同判據的制動(dong)比(bi)曲線。以(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)給(gei)出(chu)了(le)幾(ji)種較典型的分(fen)析算例。 （1）△側(ce)不帶(dai)(dai)(dai)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)空(kong)投(tou) 設A相(xiang)合(he)(he)閘角(jiao)為(wei)30°，在(zai)這(zhe)(zhe)種情況下(xia)(xia)圖3（a）為(wei)干(gan)式變壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)△側(ce)不帶(dai)(dai)(dai)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)空(kong)投(tou)時的三(san)相(xiang)電(dian)流波(bo)形。

（2）Y側(ce)不(bu)帶故(gu)障空(kong)(kong)投 干(gan)式(shi)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器在Y／△接線(xian)情況(kuang)下(xia)，Y側(ce)空(kong)(kong)投時(shi)(shi)產生對(dui)稱(cheng)涌流的(de)(de)機會較大。由(you)理論分析及錄波證(zheng)明，對(dui)稱(cheng)涌流僅會產生于一(yi)相差流中。為(wei)(wei)了研究勵磁涌流較嚴重(zhong)的(de)(de)情況(kuang)，取A相合閘角(jiao)αA＝30°。圖4為(wei)(wei)αA＝30°時(shi)(shi)，Y側(ce)不(bu)帶故(gu)障空(kong)(kong)投的(de)(de)情況(kuang)。 （3）△側(ce)帶故(gu)障空(kong)(kong)投 圖5為(wei)(wei)高壓(ya)(ya)側(ce)B、C兩相短路時(shi)(shi)干(gan)式(shi)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器△側(ce)空(kong)(kong)投時(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)情況(kuang)。

（4）帶(dai)(dai)長(chang)線(xian)內部(bu)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang) 圖(tu)6是(shi)(shi)(shi)干(gan)(gan)(gan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)帶(dai)(dai)長(chang)線(xian)、高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側(ce)發生短(duan)(duan)(duan)路(lu)、匝比(bi)(bi)(bi)為(wei)(wei)5％時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)仿真(zhen)結果。4 仿真(zhen)結果分析 設二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)次(ci)(ci)(ci)諧(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)整(zheng)定(ding)(ding)(ding)為(wei)(wei)20％。從(cong)上(shang)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)仿真(zhen)結果可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)看(kan)出(chu)(chu)：干(gan)(gan)(gan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)△側(ce)不帶(dai)(dai)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)空投時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)次(ci)(ci)(ci)諧(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)含量(liang)而言，四(si)(si)種判(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)據(ju)圖(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)化趨勢相(xiang)(xiang)同如(ru)（圖(tu)3（b）），都(dou)隨時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推移而增大(da)，這(zhe)意味著勵(li)磁(ci)(ci)涌(yong)流(liu)衰減(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過程中，基波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)比(bi)(bi)(bi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)次(ci)(ci)(ci)諧(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)衰減(jian)快(kuai)（僅對(dui)(dui)(dui)此(ci)(ci)模型(xing)而言）。這(zhe)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)只有(you)判(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)據(ju)一(yi)(yi)(yi)可(ke)(ke)(ke)靠(kao)(kao)(kao)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。判(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)據(ju)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)、三、四(si)(si)都(dou)可(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)誤動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。并(bing)且若干(gan)(gan)(gan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)諧(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)定(ding)(ding)(ding)值(zhi)(zhi)取得偏小(xiao)，則出(chu)(chu)口(kou)需要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)會更(geng)長(chang)。特(te)(te)(te)(te)別是(shi)(shi)(shi)判(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)據(ju)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)、三算出(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)諧(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)含量(liang)雖然(ran)也是(shi)(shi)(shi)隨時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)增加(jia)而增大(da)，但(dan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)100 ms以(yi)(yi)后(hou)依然(ran)達不到閉(bi)鎖保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)所需要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)值(zhi)(zhi)。所以(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)可(ke)(ke)(ke)靠(kao)(kao)(kao)性(xing)(xing)較(jiao)低。因此(ci)(ci)，△側(ce)不帶(dai)(dai)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)合(he)閘(zha)(zha)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，判(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)據(ju)一(yi)(yi)(yi)可(ke)(ke)(ke)靠(kao)(kao)(kao)性(xing)(xing)較(jiao)高(gao)，判(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)據(ju)四(si)(si)其(qi)(qi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)，判(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)據(ju)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)、三較(jiao)差(cha)。  干(gan)(gan)(gan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)Y側(ce)不帶(dai)(dai)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)空投時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)次(ci)(ci)(ci)諧(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)含量(liang)而言，四(si)(si)種判(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)據(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)化趨勢（圖(tu)4（b））與圖(tu)3（b）相(xiang)(xiang)同。但(dan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)只有(you)判(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)據(ju)一(yi)(yi)(yi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠可(ke)(ke)(ke)靠(kao)(kao)(kao)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)勵(li)磁(ci)(ci)涌(yong)流(liu)。判(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)據(ju)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)、三、四(si)(si)都(dou)會造成差(cha)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)誤動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。但(dan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)如(ru)果為(wei)(wei)了消除對(dui)(dui)(dui)稱(cheng)涌(yong)流(liu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響，采(cai)用(yong)(yong)單相(xiang)(xiang)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)三相(xiang)(xiang)即或邏輯(ji)，很可(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)造成干(gan)(gan)(gan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)帶(dai)(dai)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)合(he)閘(zha)(zha)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)拒動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)或帶(dai)(dai)長(chang)延時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)。 考(kao)慮了干(gan)(gan)(gan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)△側(ce)帶(dai)(dai)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)空投時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)較(jiao)嚴(yan)重的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情況(kuang)（圖(tu)5（b））。即在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)滿足差(cha)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)判(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)據(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)前(qian)提(ti)下(xia)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)相(xiang)(xiang)短(duan)(duan)(duan)路(lu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)盡(jin)量(liang)小(xiao)，以(yi)(yi)便模擬出(chu)(chu)干(gan)(gan)(gan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)帶(dai)(dai)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)空投時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)長(chang)延時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)過程。為(wei)(wei)此(ci)(ci)，將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)點設在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)非電(dian)(dian)(dian)源側(ce)，利用(yong)(yong)干(gan)(gan)(gan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)自身的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)感(gan)值(zhi)(zhi)來限制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)短(duan)(duan)(duan)路(lu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)。圖(tu)5（a）為(wei)(wei)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側(ce)內部(bu)B，C兩相(xiang)(xiang)短(duan)(duan)(duan)路(lu)干(gan)(gan)(gan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)空投時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情況(kuang)。判(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)據(ju)一(yi)(yi)(yi)即使在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)諧(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)定(ding)(ding)(ding)值(zhi)(zhi)取得偏小(xiao)（如(ru)15％～17％）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情況(kuang)下(xia)，保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)80 ms以(yi)(yi)后(hou)都(dou)不一(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)出(chu)(chu)口(kou)；判(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)據(ju)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)、三、四(si)(si)此(ci)(ci)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)幾乎是(shi)(shi)(shi)等效的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)：合(he)閘(zha)(zha)后(hou)經過一(yi)(yi)(yi)個周波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)就能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠判(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)斷出(chu)(chu)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)。綜(zong)上(shang)所述，從(cong)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)速動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)性(xing)(xing)來考(kao)慮，判(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)據(ju)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)、三較(jiao)優(you)，判(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)據(ju)四(si)(si)次(ci)(ci)(ci)之，判(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)據(ju)一(yi)(yi)(yi)較(jiao)差(cha)。 干(gan)(gan)(gan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)帶(dai)(dai)長(chang)線(xian)內部(bu)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，由(you)于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)感(gan)和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容發生諧(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)振，短(duan)(duan)(duan)路(lu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)諧(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)含量(liang)會明顯增加(jia)，從(cong)而給二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)次(ci)(ci)(ci)諧(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)整(zheng)定(ding)(ding)(ding)帶(dai)(dai)來了困難(nan)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)圖(tu)6中可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)看(kan)出(chu)(chu)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)后(hou)一(yi)(yi)(yi)段時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)內，利用(yong)(yong)判(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)據(ju)一(yi)(yi)(yi)、三、四(si)(si)計算出(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)次(ci)(ci)(ci)諧(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)含量(liang)都(dou)很大(da)，且遠大(da)于(yu)諧(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)。大(da)概要維持20ms以(yi)(yi)后(hou)，諧(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)含量(liang)才有(you)可(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)會小(xiao)于(yu)諧(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)定(ding)(ding)(ding)值(zhi)(zhi)，保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)才有(you)可(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)出(chu)(chu)口(kou)。當諧(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)小(xiao)于(yu)20%時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，出(chu)(chu)口(kou)需要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)會更(geng)長(chang)。因此(ci)(ci)帶(dai)(dai)長(chang)線(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)干(gan)(gan)(gan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)發生匝間(jian)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)次(ci)(ci)(ci)諧(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)判(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)據(ju)除了判(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)據(ju)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)外均有(you)可(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)誤判(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)為(wei)(wei)勵(li)磁(ci)(ci)涌(yong)流(liu)，從(cong)而閉(bi)鎖保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)。5 結論 雖然(ran)三相(xiang)(xiang)涌(yong)流(liu)中可(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)有(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)相(xiang)(xiang)涌(yong)流(liu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)次(ci)(ci)(ci)諧(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)成分小(xiao)于(yu)10％，但(dan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)至少會有(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)相(xiang)(xiang)涌(yong)流(liu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)次(ci)(ci)(ci)諧(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)成分較(jiao)大(da)。因此(ci)(ci)，二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)次(ci)(ci)(ci)諧(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)仍然(ran)是(shi)(shi)(shi)勵(li)磁(ci)(ci)涌(yong)流(liu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個典型(xing)特(te)(te)(te)(te)征(zheng)。對(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)500 kV超(chao)(chao)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)，特(te)(te)(te)(te)別是(shi)(shi)(shi)西(xi)北電(dian)(dian)(dian)網正在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)籌建(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)750 kV特(te)(te)(te)(te)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)系(xi)統(tong)，很可(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)使用(yong)(yong)國外進(jin)口(kou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)型(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力干(gan)(gan)(gan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)，這(zhe)種干(gan)(gan)(gan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)由(you)于(yu)使用(yong)(yong)了高(gao)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鐵芯(xin)、其(qi)(qi)磁(ci)(ci)滯的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)大(da)大(da)減(jian)小(xiao)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)使用(yong)(yong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)應(ying)適當降低二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)次(ci)(ci)(ci)諧(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)整(zheng)定(ding)(ding)(ding)值(zhi)(zhi)。 微機干(gan)(gan)(gan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)差(cha)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)中，諧(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)比(bi)(bi)(bi)較(jiao)大(da)相(xiang)(xiang)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)由(you)于(yu)與模擬式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)致，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)延續傳(chuan)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)定(ding)(ding)(ding)值(zhi)(zhi)選(xuan)取方(fang)法應(ying)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)保(bao)(bao)(bao)證保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)正常(chang)工作(zuo)；綜(zong)合(he)相(xiang)(xiang)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，其(qi)(qi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)值(zhi)(zhi)應(ying)該小(xiao)于(yu)較(jiao)大(da)相(xiang)(xiang)諧(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)比(bi)(bi)(bi)。綜(zong)合(he)相(xiang)(xiang)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)宜取為(wei)(wei)15％～17％，以(yi)(yi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)證較(jiao)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)綜(zong)合(he)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)。而對(dui)(dui)(dui)按相(xiang)(xiang)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，其(qi)(qi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)值(zhi)(zhi)選(xuan)取要仔細考(kao)慮。 二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)次(ci)(ci)(ci)諧(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)干(gan)(gan)(gan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)差(cha)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)其(qi)(qi)效果是(shi)(shi)(shi)肯定(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，但(dan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)次(ci)(ci)(ci)諧(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)原理來說，無論采(cai)用(yong)(yong)那(nei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種判(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)據(ju)，均存在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)這(zhe)方(fang)面或那(nei)方(fang)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不足。因此(ci)(ci)實(shi)際(ji)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)中，應(ying)該尋(xun)找(zhao)新的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原理和(he)依靠(kao)(kao)(kao)輔(fu)助判(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)據(ju)來彌補(bu)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)次(ci)(ci)(ci)諧(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)原理的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不足，提(ti)高(gao)超(chao)(chao)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)干(gan)(gan)(gan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)綜(zong)合(he)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)。